290b1
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  "content": "Research Highlights | Spices Board\n\nSkip to main content\nSkip to main content\nScreen Reader Access\nGST provisional registration details of Spices Board\nNew Feature : Click\n                      here for Auction Report\nSpice: Small Cardamom\n,\n\n                      Date of Auction:\n                      23-Feb-2026,\n\n                      Auctioneer:\n                      IDUKKI MAHILA CARDAMOM PRODUCER COMPANY LIMITED,\n\n                      No.of lots:\n                      219,\n\n                      Qty Arrived (Kgs):\n                      51439.5,\n\n                      Qty Sold (Kgs):\n                      50233.9,\n\n                      Max Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      3001.00,\n\n                      Avg. Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      2465.69\nSpice: Large Cardamom\n,\n\n                      Date:\n                      19-Feb-2026,\n\n                      Market:\n                      Singtam,\n\n                      Type:\n                      Badadana,\n\n                      Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      1600.00,\nSpice: Large Cardamom\n,\n\n                      Date:\n                      19-Feb-2026,\n\n                      Market:\n                      Singtam,\n\n                      Type:\n                      Chotadana,\n\n                      Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      1475.00,\nSpice: Large Cardamom\n,\n\n                      Date:\n                      19-Feb-2026,\n\n                      Market:\n                      Gangtok,\n\n                      Type:\n                      Badadana,\n\n                      Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      1600.00,\nSpice: Large Cardamom\n,\n\n                      Date:\n                      19-Feb-2026,\n\n                      Market:\n                      Gangtok,\n\n                      Type:\n                      Chotadana,\n\n                      Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      1450.00,\nSpice: Large Cardamom\n,\n\n                      Date:\n                      19-Feb-2026,\n\n                      Market:\n                      Siliguri,\n\n                      Type:\n                      Badadana,\n\n                      Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      1682.00,\nSpice: Large Cardamom\n,\n\n                      Date:\n                      19-Feb-2026,\n\n                      Market:\n                      Siliguri,\n\n                      Type:\n                      Chotadana,\n\n                      Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      1530.00,\nSearch form\nSearch\nहिंदी\nHome\nSitemap\nContact Us\nAbout Us\nBoard Members\nConstitution\nSpices Board Act & Rules\nAnnual Reports\nStaff\n                              Details\nBoard's Offices\nBoard Meeting Minutes\nRight to Information Act\nCommittees\nPublic Grievances Redressal\nVideo\n                                  Conferencing\nCPGRAMS Portal\nVirtual\n                                  Office\nHelp Desk Support\nIndian\n                          Spices\nIndia:\n                              Spice bowl of the world\nSpices Production Data\nMajor Spice wise\nState Wise\nSpice/State Wise\nState Spice Wise\nSpice Catalogue\nList of Spices with Botanical Names\nSpice\n                                  map\nProperties\nNutritional Values of Spices\nCalorific Value of spices\nMedicinal & other Properties of Spices\nChemical and physical specification of spices\nPhysical\n                                      Properties of Essential Oils& Flavourants\nFlavour Profile of spices\nOrganic Spices\nOverview\nNational Programme for Organic Production\nExport\n                                      Of\n                                      Organic Spices from India\nGeographical Indication for Spices\nGuidelines for obtaining GI Authorised User Certificate\nList of GI Tags for Spices\nGI\n                                      Spices of India - E-Book\nSpices & Spice Products\nIndia: Global processing\n                              hub of spices\nManufacturing facilities\nValue added products\nDevelopment\nSPEDA\nDevelopment\n                              Programmes\nSpice\n                              Growing States\nCultivation Practices\nCardamom\nSmall Cardamom\nLarge Cardamom\nNutmeg\nBlack Pepper\nGinger\nTurmeric\nCinnamon\nClove\nVanilla\nChilli\nCoriander\nCumin\nOrganic Package of Spices for North East Region\n                                  (Black Pepper,\n                                  Ginger, Turmeric & Large Cardamom\nCost Of Cultivation(Cardamom)\nCollaborative Projects\nINDGAP\nSTDF\nKERA\nHarvest Calendar\nList of FPO/FPC\nEmpanelled manufacturers\nGI Authorized Users\nMalabar Pepper\nAlleppey Green Cardamom\nCoorg Green Cardamom\nGuntur Sannam Chilli\nByadagi Chilli\nResearch\nIndian\n                              Cardamom Research Institute\nFacilities\nResearch Highlights\nPlant Protection Code\nPlant Protection Code for Large Cardamom\nPlant Protection Code for Small\n                                  Cardamom\nCultivation Practices\nSmall Cardamom\nEnglish\nMalayalam\nLarge Cardamom\n                                  Cardamom\nEnglish\nServices Offered\nMajor Projects\nCollaborative Projects\nQEL ICRI\nCARDAMOM\n                              SiS\nCardSApp\nQuality\nQuality Evaluation\n                              Laboratory\nEmpanelled\n                              Laboratories\nAnalytical Services\n                              & Fees\nQEL Chennai\nQEL Guntur\nQEL Kochi\nQEL Mumbai\nQEL Narela\nQEL Tuticorin\nQEL\n                                  Kandla\nQEL Kolkata\nQEL\n                                  Jodhpur\nMandatory Tests for Export\nQuality Standards\nBIS\nFSSAI\nAGMARK\nESA\nASTA Cleanliness Specifications\nMRLs for Pesticides\nSPS\n                                  Requirements for Spices\nGuidelines for Quality Improvement\ne-Brochure of QELs\nCustomer Feedback Form\nMarketing\nRegistration & Licensing\nExporters Registration\nAuctioneer\nDealer\nMarketing Programmes\nKey Government scheme for spice\n                              exporters\nTrade Information\nTrade\n                                  Classification (ITC HS) Code\nTrader Directory\nTrade Enquiry\nTrade Policies\nTrade Statistics\nExport\nMonthly estimated export\nMajor item wise\n                                      export\nMajor Country\nMajor item/Country\nImport\nPrice\nDomestic\nCardamom\n                                          Price\nWeekly Price\nMonthly Price\nCurrent Market Price\nInternational Regulation for Registration\nRegistration Regulations prescribed\n                                  by\n                                  China\nEU General System of Preferences (GSP\nGuide for Users on GSP Rules of Origin\nREX – Registered Exporter system\nUSA\nProcedure for\n                                      Registration\nof Food Facility\nSpices\n                              Parks\nThe Concept\n                                  Plan\nLocation\nSpices & Spice Products\ne-Auction\nAuction Details\nLive Auction channels\nAuction Schedule\nIndian Market / Trading\n                              Centers\nExport\n                              Support System\nESS\nQuarterly Export Returns Submit\nCirculars from Marketing\n                              Department\nCollaborative Projects and Schemes\nDEH\nAEP\nODOP\nTIES\nHelp Desk for Export\nTBT/SPS\nNotifications\nPublicity\nIncredible\n                              Spices of India\nExhibitions\nInternational Fair\n                                  Details\nDomestic Fair\n                                  Details\nPublications\nSpice India Monthly\nSpice Market Weekly\nSubscription Rates\nAdvertisement\n                                  Tariff\nPromotional\n                              Videos\nSpice\n                              Related News\ne-Newsletter\nNotifications\nCirculars\nEvents/Training Programmes\nDownload Forms\nAnnual Procurement\nTender\nOpportunities\nRelated Links\nWhat's New\nContact Us\nYou are here\nHome\n>> Research Highlights\nIndian Cardamom Research Institute\nOVERVIEW\nFacilities\nResearch Highlights\nServices Offered\nMajor Projects\nCollaborative Projects\nRelated Links\nResearch Highlights\nLast updated on 29-01-2016, 09:34\nSmall cardamom\nAgronomy & Soil Sciences\nPackage of practices for various agro techniques such as nursery preparation, planting methods, nutrient management and judicious irrigation schedules were developed and transferred to the planters.\nAn economic schedule of soil cum foliar application of fertilizers for cardamom has been formulated which results in 33% saving in fertilizer costs as compared to soil application.\nDeveloped remedial measure for zinc and Boron deficiency.\nSoil Analysis & Fertilizer recommendations weres routinely carried out.\nSoil Mapping of Kerala under NHM Project was conducted. Project on ”Soil Based Plant Nutrient management Plan for Agro Ecosystem of Kerala Phase –1 to analyse samples from all panchayaths of Idukki & Kottayam districts.\nIssues of soil degradation in cardamom tract - deficiency of micro nutrients / secondary nutrients, decline of soil pH and loss of sustainability was studied\nThe institute has analyzed more than 1,00,000 cardamom soil samples received from planters of Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka and most judicious and balanced recommendations were given.\nIntegrated Nutrient Management (INM), Biofertilizers, composting, traditional organic inputs (Panchagavya, FAE, EAE etc.) leading to development of organic practices (Biodynamic farming, EM technology etc.) & training was carried out.\nEcofriendly farm practices, organic production systems and GAP for cardamoms were systematized.\nFarm Mechanization programmes for cardamom cultivation were undertaken. Evaluated various mechanical devices such as weeder, washing machine, pitmaker,as well as cardamom driers viz. Biomass gasifier model of cardamom drier, Diesel model of cardamom drier and improved cardamom drier (Kardi type)for carrying out various farm operations in cardamom plantations.\nCrop Improvement\nInventorisation and collection of small cardamom germplasm were undertaken in the Western Ghats region\nCollected 500 plus germplasm accessions of cardamom from different cardamom zones\nConserved the germplasm in the National Conservatory of Cardamom Germplasm at Myladumpara&Saklespur\nEvaluation trials were carried out to identify genetic variants of cardamom from various habitats for exploitation in crop improvement programmes\nReleased eight high yielding cardamom selections/varieties viz.,\n1. ICRI-l, ICRI-2, ICRI-5, ICRI-6, ICRI-7 (for Kerala Zone),\n2. ICRI-3 & ICRI-8 (for Karnataka Zone)\n3. ICRI-4 (for Tamil Nadu Zone).\nReleased selections showed high yield potential of 650 to 800 kg/ha under moderate levels of management.\nStudied the breeding behaviour and pollen biology of cardamom and vanilla.\nPrepared a floristic calendar of the cardamom tract.\n1. The bee flora comprises of 37 species including 19 trees.\nEvaluated turmeric varieties viz.,\n1. PCT-8, PCT-B, PCT-14, BSR-1 and Co-1\n2. Co-1 and BSR-1 most suited to the high ranges of Kerala.\nRecently released varieties of small cardamom\nPromising cardamom hybrids developed at RRS Saklespur\nBiotechnology\nDeveloped Micropropagation systems for\n1.\nSmall cardamom,\n2.\nLarge cardamom,\n3.\nVanilla,\n4.\nBlack pepper,\n5.\nGinger,\n6.\nTurmeric,\n7.\nHerbal spices viz. Oregano, Mint, Sage, Thyme.\nTechnologies scaled up for large scale production -10\nNo. of Biotech firms to which Protocols were transferred on a MoU for further utilization - 10.\nLarge cardamom & Vanilla plants produced and supplied to farmers -3.5 lakhs\nTraining on TC techniques - extended to 110 youth from BPL families on collaboration with ‘Kudumbashree’ a Govt. of Kerala project on poverty alleviation and empowerment of rural women.\nMicropropagation system developed for tree spices\nviz-\n1.\nClove,\n2.\nGarcinia,\n3.\nTamarind,\n4.\nCurry leaf.\nOther Tissue Culture techniques employed - cardamom, ginger & vanilla.\n1.\nSomatic Embryogenesis,\n2.\nSynthetic Seed technology,\n3.\nProtoplast Cultures\nInterspecific hybrids produced -\nVanilla planifolia\nX\nV. wightiana\nMolecular Biology facility was established\nGenetic diversity studies were carried out using molecular markers.\nVariety specific molecular marker generated - Malabar specific\nVirus indexing protocols standardized - Pepper & cardamoms.\nCompleted - Cardamom Transcriptome Sequencing with analysis in progress.\nTC plants of small cardamom, black pepper and large cardamom\nPlant Pathology Division\nIdentified and characterised causal organisms of capsule rot, rhizome rots and nursery rots\nDeveloped Integrated Disease Management (IDM) strategies\nIdentified tolerant lines of\nPhytophthora\nfrom germplasm accessions\nRecommended the biocontrol agent\nTrichoderma\nsp. for controlling capsule rot, rhizome and seedling rot diseases after trials\nProducedBioagents\nviz\n,\nTrichoderma\n&\nPseudomonas\nand suppliedto farmers\nMass multiplication protocol was developed for VAM which was found effective in improving growth and vigour and in protectingcardamom seedlings from soil borne pathogens.\nDeveloped control for new diseases reported- Panicle blight, root rot and leaf yellowing.        .\nELISA as quick diagnostic tool of viral diseases – was proved in pilot trials.\nIdentified pathogens of vanilla and herbal spices, control methods developed.\nInitiated studies on mathematical modellingfor prediction of capsule rot disease outbreak\nStudied Climate change impact on disease occurrence in cardamom.\nBioagent Production\nEntomology Division\nEvaluated forty chemical insecticides formulations on major pests of cardamom\nRecommended effective insecticides at  minimum concentration to planters.\nBrought down the number of insecticide applications to 5-7 per year from 12-14 sprays/year, thus reducing the quantity of pesticides and the application cost.\nThe technology of pruning of dried cardamom leaves (cultural control) during February, and application of five sprays of insecticides/year on the lower one third portion of cardamom plants that have proved effective and economical for thrips control, was demonstrated in planter's field.\nPesticide spray schedule for Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu cardamom plantations was formulated which effectively managed the major and minor foliar pests.\nIPM consisting of mechanical control of beetles and chemical control of grubs have been worked out for cardamom root grub management and has been demonstrated in planters’ field.\nIdentified certain plant extracts having growth regulating and insecticidal property on cardamom shoot borer and hairy caterpillar.\nNeem based insecticides were found to be effective on ginger borer.\nAn effective management strategy was evolved usingEntomopathogenic nematodes (EPN),\nHeterorhabditisindica\nfor the management of  cardamom Root knot nematode and\nMeloidogyne incognita\n(Plant parasiticNematodes-PPN)\n.\nAn effective management strategy for whitefly was also evolved (with             behavioural control - trapping adult fly with yellow sticky trap and   also spraying of neem oil suspension at 0.5% on the lower surface of leaves for control of nymphs) and being recommended.\nEPN cadavers & application to cardamom\nLarge cardamom:\nGermplasm conservatory was established and maintained at RRS ICRI& Research farms at Pangthang and Kabi with 254 accessions based on high yielding lines and other specific characters.\nReleased two high yielding varieties: ICRI Sikkim 1 & ICRI Sikkim 2 by selection (yield potential 800 kg / ha) from Sawney cultivar.\nDetailed phenology of the crop was worked out\nEstablished the economic life span of large cardamom as 15 years under intensive management.\nFertility status of large cardamom soils was evaluated.\n1.\nMean pH - 5.48,\n2.\nOrganic carbon - 3.2%,\n3.\nAvailable Nitrogen - 29.64 (mg/100g),\n4.\nPhosphorus 1.37 (mg/100g)\n5.\nPotassium 17.87 (mg/100 g).\n6.\nThe soils were found high in Nitrogen& medium in Phosphorus and Potassium.\nStudied and identified the major pests of large cardamom\nviz.,\nLeaf caterpillar (\nArtonachorista\n), Shoot fly (\nMerochloropsdimorphus\n), stem borer (\nGlyphipterix\nsp)  and white grub (\nHolotrichia\nspp) &developed IPM  strategies in management of large cardamom pests.\nIdentified Bumble bees (\nBombushaemorhoidalis\nand\nB. breviceps)\nas the major  pollinator in large cardamom.\nWorked out Bio-agent utilization strategies for white grub management.\nStudied and identified the major diseases of large cardamom (\nAmomumsubulatum\nRoxb.).\n1.\nIdentified Chirke and Foorkey- major viral diseases.Disease transmission, survival and management were worked out.\n2.\nIdentified Blight disease(Colletotrichumgloeosporioides)– major fungal disease.\n3.\nTwo other two fungal diseases, leaf streak and Phoma leaf spot were identified\nProblems due to abiotic factors such as elongation of spike, late maturity etc were studied.\nCollected 64 disease escapes lines and identified three accessions (SCC 12, 22 & 179) as moderately tolerant to blight and are under field evaluation.\nNative bio control agents were identified, mass multiplied and supplied to farmers based on the demand for disease management under organic system of cultivation in Sikkim and Darjeeling district of West Bengal.\nEstablished facility for production and distribution of bio control agentsat ICRI, RRS, Tadong.\n1\n. A fermenter with a capacity of 80 litres was commissioned at the ICRI Research farm Pangthang for mass multiplication of biocontrol agents.\nScientifically improved large cardamom bhatti system was developed by the ICRI, RRS Tadong popularized by Spices Board (Dev) in Gangtok and Darjeeling Region through subsidized schemes.\nQuality improvement techniques were standardized through improved curing technology and polishing and gradation of cured capsules.\nHybridization studies on large cardamom\nLarge cardamom capsules cured using ICRI Improved Bhatti (left)\nBack\nCitizens Charter\nLodge Complaint\nOnline Exporter Registration\nSpices dyed Garments\nWebsite Policy\nCodex committee on Spices and culinary herbs(CCSCH)\nExport Support System and online Submission of Quarterly Export Return\nHelpline for women in distress (7827170170, internalcommitteesbkochi@gmail.com)\n© Spices Board India, Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Govt. of India\nLast Updated:February 23 , 2026",
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id=\"contrast-low\">\n\n                      <img src=\"/sites/all/themes/spices/images/lightnoise-img.gif\" alt=\"Normal Contrast\">\n\n                    </a>\n\n                    <a href=\"javascript:chooseStyle('contrast', 60)\" title=\"High Contrast\" id=\"contrast-high\">\n\n                      <img src=\"/sites/all/themes/spices/images/darknoise-img.gif\" alt=\"High Contrast\">\n\n                    </a>\n\n                  </div>\n                </div>\n\n              </div>\n\n            </div>\n\n          </div>\n\n          <div class=\"marque\">\n            <div class=\"region region-marque\">\n\n              <div id=\"block-block-6\" class=\"block block-block\">\n\n\n\n\n\n                <div class=\"content\">\n\n\n\n                  <marquee scrollamount=\"6\" direction=\"left\" onmouseover=\"this.setAttribute('scrollamount', 0, 0);\" onmouseout=\"this.setAttribute('scrollamount', 6, 0);\">\n\n                    <a style=\"color:#FFF;\" href=\"/spice-news/gst-provisional-registration-details-spices-board.html\" target=\"_blank\">GST provisional registration details of Spices Board</a>\n\n                    <a style=\"color:#FFF;\" href=\"/dailyprice-auctiondetails.html\" target=\"_blank\">New Feature : Click\n                      here for Auction Report </a>\n\n                    <a style=\"color:#FFF;\" href=\"/marketing/price/domestic/daily-price.html\">\n\n                      \n                      <b>Spice: Small Cardamom</b>,\n\n                      Date of Auction:\n                      23-Feb-2026,\n\n                      Auctioneer:\n                      IDUKKI MAHILA CARDAMOM PRODUCER COMPANY LIMITED,\n\n                      No.of lots:\n                      219,\n\n                      Qty Arrived (Kgs):\n                      51439.5,\n\n                      Qty Sold (Kgs):\n                      50233.9,\n\n                      Max Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      3001.00,\n\n                      Avg. Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      2465.69\n\n\n                      \n                      <b>Spice: Large Cardamom</b>,\n\n                      Date:\n                      19-Feb-2026,\n\n                      Market:\n                      Singtam,\n\n                      Type:\n                      Badadana,\n\n                      Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      1600.00,\n\n                      \n                      <b>Spice: Large Cardamom</b>,\n\n                      Date:\n                      19-Feb-2026,\n\n                      Market:\n                      Singtam,\n\n                      Type:\n                      Chotadana,\n\n                      Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      1475.00,\n\n                      \n                      <b>Spice: Large Cardamom</b>,\n\n                      Date:\n                      19-Feb-2026,\n\n                      Market:\n                      Gangtok,\n\n                      Type:\n                      Badadana,\n\n                      Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      1600.00,\n\n                      \n                      <b>Spice: Large Cardamom</b>,\n\n                      Date:\n                      19-Feb-2026,\n\n                      Market:\n                      Gangtok,\n\n                      Type:\n                      Chotadana,\n\n                      Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      1450.00,\n\n                      \n                      <b>Spice: Large Cardamom</b>,\n\n                      Date:\n                      19-Feb-2026,\n\n                      Market:\n                      Siliguri,\n\n                      Type:\n                      Badadana,\n\n                      Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      1682.00,\n\n                      \n                      <b>Spice: Large Cardamom</b>,\n\n                      Date:\n                      19-Feb-2026,\n\n                      Market:\n                      Siliguri,\n\n                      Type:\n                      Chotadana,\n\n                      Price (Rs./Kg):\n                      1530.00,\n\n                      \n                    </a>\n\n                  </marquee>\n\n\n\n\n\n                </div>\n\n              </div>\n\n            </div>\n\n          </div>\n\n          <div class=\"search\" style=\"float: right;margin: 10px -18px 6px 0px;position: relative;\">\n\n            <form action=\"https://indianspices.com/\" method=\"post\" id=\"search-block-form\" accept-charset=\"UTF-8\">\n              <div>\n                <div class=\"container-inline\">\n\n                  <h2 class=\"element-invisible\">Search form</h2>\n\n                  <div class=\"form-item form-type-textfield form-item-search-block-form\">\n\n                    <label class=\"element-invisible\" for=\"edit-search-block-form--2\">Search </label>\n\n                    <input style=\"margin-top: 0rem;\" title=\"Enter the terms you wish to 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')\"><img src=\"/sites/all/themes/spices/images/socialMedia/youtube.png\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" alt=\"YouTube\" style=\"margin-left: 0px;\"></a>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n                    <!-- <a href=\"http://www.flavourit.com/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"FLAVOURIT - an initiative of Spices Board\"><img src=\"/sites/all/themes/spices/images/top-logo1.jpg\" alt=\"FLAVOURIT Logo\" /></a> -->\n                    <!-- \n<a href=\"http://www.teacoffeespiceofindia.com/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Indian Tea, Coffee & Spices Cultivation, Market & Industry in India\"><img src=\"/sites/all/themes/spices/images/ibef_logo.png\" alt=\"Tea, Coffee Logo\" /></a> -->\n\n                    <!---<a href=\"https://india.gov.in/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"National Portal of India\"><img src=\"https://indianspices.com/sites/all/themes/spices/images/barathsarksar.png\" alt=\"National Portal of India\" height=\"46\" width=\"28\" /></a>\n\n-->\n\n                    <!-- \n\n<a href=\"https://india.gov.in/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"National Portal of India\"><img src=\"/sites/all/themes/spices/images/barathsarksarbaner.jpg\" alt=\"National Portal of India\" /></a> -->\n\n\n\n\n\n                    <!-- <a href=\"/quality/quality-marking#indspices-logo\" title=\"Quality Marking Logo\"><img src=\"https://indianspices.com/sites/all/themes/spices/images/top-logo2.jpg\" alt=\"Quality Marking Logo\" /></a>\n\n   <a href=\"/quality/quality-marking#spice-certificate\" title=\"Spice Certificate\"><img src=\"https://indianspices.com/sites/all/themes/spices/images/top-logo3.jpg\" alt=\"Spice Certificate Image\" /></a>\n\n   <a href=\"http://www.apeda.com/apedawebsite/organic/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\"><img src=\"https://indianspices.com/sites/all/themes/spices/images/top-logo4.jpg\" alt=\"Logo\" /></a>\n\n   <a href=\"http://india.gov.in\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"India National Portal\"><img src=\"https://indianspices.com/sites/all/themes/spices/images/india-flag.jpg\" alt=\"India National Portal\" /></a> -->\n\n                  </div>\n                </div>\n\n              </div>\n\n            </div>\n\n          </div>\n\n          <div class=\"image_tag\">\n\n            <!-- <div>\n              <img style=\"width: 159px;height:55px;margin:-100px 78px -57px 114px;\"\n                src=\"/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/azadi_logo208.png\"> -->\n            <!--<a href=\"https://yoga.ayush.gov.in/\" target=\"_blank\"><img\n                  style=\"width: 79px;height:100px;margin:-22px 67px 30px 5px;\"\n                  src=\"/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/yoga-logo-english.jpeg\"></a>-->\n\n            <!-- <a href=\"https://knowindia.india.gov.in/national-identity-elements/national-flag.php\" target=\"_blank\"><img\n                  style=\"width: 79px;height:47px;margin:-2px 98px 41px -23px;\" src=\"/national_flag_inner.jpg\"></a> -->\n\n            <!--          <div class=\"img1\"><img src=\"/sites/all/themes/spices/images/chairman_new.jpg\" alt=\"Chairman \" class=\"img_op\" ></div> \n\n                 <div class=\"img1_name\" style=\"width: 140px;\"><p class=\"lb\"><span class=\"lb_na\">Shri A.G.Thankappan\n </span><br><span class=\"lb_ta\"> Chairman </span><br><span class=\"lb_ta\">Spices Board India</span></p></div>\n -->\n            <!-- </div> -->\n\n            <div style=\"display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;\">\n\n\n\n              <a href=\"https://knowindia.india.gov.in/national-identity-elements/national-flag.php\" target=\"_blank\">\n                <img style=\"width: 79px; height: 47px; margin: -2px 10px 41px 5px;\" src=\"/national_flag_inner.jpg\">\n              </a>\n\n              <img style=\"width: 159px; height: 55px; margin: -100px 10px -57px 5px;\" src=\"/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/azadi_logo208.png\">\n\n              <a href=\"https://shebox.wcd.gov.in/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                <img style=\"width: 80x; height: 70px; margin: -4px 10px 30px 5px;\" src=\"/Beti_Bachao_Beti_Padhao_logo.png\">\n              </a>\n\n            </div>\n\n\n            <div class=\"img_scnd\">\n\n              <!-- <div class=\"img2\"><img src=\"/sites/all/themes/spices/images/secretary.jpg\" alt=\"secretary\" class=\"img_os\"></div>  -->\n\n              <!--  <div class=\"img2\"><img src=\"/sites/all/themes/spices/images/secretary.jpg\" alt=\"secretary\" class=\"img_os\" ></div> \n\n                 <div class=\"img2_name\"><p class=\"lb\"><span class=\"lb_na\">Shri D Sathiyan IFS</span><br><span class=\"lb_ta\"> Secretary</span><br><span class=\"lb_ta\">Spices Board India</span></p></div>  -->\n\n            </div>\n\n          </div>\n\n        </div><br>\n\n        <div class=\"wrapper\">\n\n          <div class=\"nav-wrap\">\n\n            <div class=\"navigation effect\">\n\n              <div class=\"region region-navmenu\">\n\n                <div id=\"block-superfish-1\" class=\"block block-superfish\">\n\n\n\n\n\n                  <div class=\"content\">\n\n                    <ul id=\"superfish-1\" class=\"menu sf-menu sf-main-menu sf-horizontal sf-style-none superfish-processed sf-js-enabled sf-shadow\">\n                      <li id=\"menu-492-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-1 menuparent\"><a href=\"/about-us/overview-about-us.html\" class=\"sf-depth-1 menuparent\">About Us</a>\n                        <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                          <li id=\"menu-519-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/about-us/board-members.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Board Members</a></li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-517-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/about-us/constitution.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Constitution</a></li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-2428-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/spices-board-act-rules.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Spices Board Act &amp; Rules</a>\n                          </li>\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-660-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/about-us/annual-reports.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Annual Reports</a></li>\n                          <!-- <li id=\"menu-1483-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\"><a\n                              href=\"http://www.spicesboard.in/anil/pismain/staff_deployment_detail.php\" target=\"_blank\"\n                              class=\"sf-depth-2\">Staff Details</a></li> -->\n                          <li id=\"menu-1483-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"http://spicesboard.in:8004/staffdeployment\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Staff\n                              Details</a></li>\n                          <!-- <li id=\"menu-1109-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\"><a\n                              href=\"http://spicesboard.in/pis/locsearch.php\" target=\"_blank\"\n                              class=\"sf-depth-2\">Board&#039;s Offices</a></li> -->\n                          <li id=\"menu-1109-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"http://spicesboard.in:8004/location-search\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Board's Offices</a></li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-1109-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/bm-minutes.html\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Board Meeting Minutes</a></li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-652-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/rti-page.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Right to Information Act</a></li>\n                          <!-- <li id=\"menu-652-2\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\"><a href=\"/about-us/icc-women.html\"\n                              class=\"sf-depth-2\">Internal Complaints Committee - Women</a></li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-652-2\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\"><a href=\"/about-us/sc-st.html\"\n                              class=\"sf-depth-2\">SC/ST and Person with Disabilities</a></li> -->\n                          <li id=\"menu-652-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/right-to-information/statement-boards-councils-committees-and-other-bodies-consisting-two-or-more.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Committees</a></li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-652-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Public Grievances Redressal</a>\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-652-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"http://spicesboard.in/virtual_office/index.php?vc=true\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Video\n                                  Conferencing</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-652-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"https://pgportal.gov.in/\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">CPGRAMS Portal</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-652-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"http://spicesboard.in/virtual_office/index.php\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Virtual\n                                  Office</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-652-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"https://indianspices.com/contact.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Help Desk Support</a>\n                              </li>\n\n                            </ul>\n\n                          </li>\n\n                        </ul>\n                      </li>\n\n                      <li id=\"menu-2387-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-1 menuparent\"><a href=\"/spices-development/spice-catalogue.html\" class=\"sf-depth-1 menuparent\">Indian\n                          Spices</a>\n                        <!-- <ul>\n                          <li id=\"menu-1484-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\"><a\n                              href=\"/spices-development/spice-catalogue.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\">Spice Catalogue</a>\n                          </li>\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-1020-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\"><a\n                              href=\"/sites/default/files/spices%20list%20under%20purview%20of%20spices%20board.pdf\"\n                              target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-2\">List of Spices with Botanical Names</a></li>\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-726-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\"><a\n                              href=\"/spices-development/properties/nutritional-values-of-spices.html\"\n                              class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\">Properties</a>\n                            <ul>\n                              <li id=\"menu-1485-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/spices-development/properties/nutritional-values-of-spices.html\"\n                                  class=\"sf-depth-3\">Nutritional Values of Spices</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-733-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/spices-development/properties/calorific-value-spices.html\"\n                                  class=\"sf-depth-3\">Calorific Value of spices</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-734-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/spices-development/properties/medicinal-other-values-spices.html\"\n                                  class=\"sf-depth-3\">Medicinal &amp; other Properties of Spices</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-736-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/spices-development/properties/chemical-physical-specifications-of-spices.html\"\n                                  class=\"sf-depth-3\">Chemical and physical specification of spices</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-737-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/sites/default/files/phys_prop.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">Physical\n                                  Properties of Essential Oils&amp; Flavourants</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-738-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/spices-development/properties/flavor-profile-spices.html\"\n                                  class=\"sf-depth-3\">Flavour Profile of spices</a></li>\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-1035-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\"><a\n                              href=\"/marketing/whole-spices.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\">Spices &amp; Spice Products</a>\n                          </li>\n\n\n                        </ul> -->\n\n                        <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                          <li id=\"menu-1484-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">India:\n                              Spice bowl of the world</a>\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-2412-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Spices Production Data</a>\n                                <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                                  <li id=\"menu-1025-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-4 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/Major spice wise area production 2024-25 web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-4\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Major Spice wise</a></li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-1026-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-4 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/majorstatewise areaproduction 2024-25 web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-4\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">State Wise</a></li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-1027-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-4 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/Major spice state wise area production 2024-25 web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-4\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Spice/State Wise</a></li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-1027-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-4 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/all state item wise area and production of spices 2024-25 web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-4\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">State Spice Wise</a></li>\n                                </ul>\n                              </li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-1484-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/spices-development/spice-catalogue.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Spice Catalogue</a>\n                              </li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-1020-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/spices%20list%20under%20purview%20of%20spices%20board.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">List of Spices with Botanical Names</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-1021-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/INDIA_SPICE_MAP.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Spice\n                                  map</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-726-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/spices-development/properties/nutritional-values-of-spices.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Properties</a>\n                                <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                                  <li id=\"menu-1485-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/spices-development/properties/nutritional-values-of-spices.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Nutritional Values of Spices</a></li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-733-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/spices-development/properties/calorific-value-spices.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Calorific Value of spices</a></li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-734-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/spices-development/properties/medicinal-other-values-spices.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Medicinal &amp; other Properties of Spices</a></li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-736-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/spices-development/properties/chemical-physical-specifications-of-spices.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Chemical and physical specification of spices</a></li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-737-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/phys_prop.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Physical\n                                      Properties of Essential Oils&amp; Flavourants</a></li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-738-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/spices-development/properties/flavor-profile-spices.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Flavour Profile of spices</a></li>\n                                </ul>\n                              </li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-723-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Organic Spices</a>\n                                <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                                  <li id=\"menu-1023-1\" class=\"sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/spices-development/organic-spices.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Overview</a>\n                                  </li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-1023-1\" class=\"sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"https://apeda.gov.in/apedawebsite/organic/Organic_Products.htm\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">National Programme for Organic Production</a>\n                                  </li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-1023-1\" class=\"sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/spices-development/export_of_organic_spices.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Export\n                                      Of\n                                      Organic Spices from India</a></li>\n                                </ul>\n                              </li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-618-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Geographical Indication for Spices</a>\n                                <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                                  <li id=\"menu-620-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/GI_Guidelines_for_release.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Guidelines for obtaining GI Authorised User Certificate</a>\n                                  </li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-621-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/List_of_GItags_for_spices_BJ.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">List of GI Tags for Spices</a>\n                                  </li>\n\n                                  <li id=\"menu-621-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"https://online.pubhtml5.com/rjjvw/haap/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">GI\n                                      Spices of India - E-Book</a></li>\n                                </ul>\n                              </li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-1035-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/marketing/whole-spices.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Spices &amp; Spice Products</a>\n                              </li>\n\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-1484-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/global-processing-hub-of-spices.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">India: Global processing\n                              hub of spices</a>\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-1035-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/manufacturing_facilities.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Manufacturing facilities</a>\n                              </li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-1035-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/VALUE ADDED PRODUCTS OF SPICES.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Value added products</a>\n                              </li>\n\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n                        </ul>\n\n                      </li>\n\n\n                      <li id=\"menu-493-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-1 menuparent\"><a href=\"/development-programmes.html\" class=\"sf-depth-1 menuparent\">Development</a>\n                        <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n\n\n                          <!-- <li id=\"menu-2421-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\">\n                            <a href=\"/spice-development-agency.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\">Spice Development\n                              Agency</a>\n                            <ul>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2429-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\"><a href=\"/sda.html\"\n                                  class=\"sf-depth-2\">SPEDA</a></li>\n\n                            </ul>\n                          </li> -->\n                          <li id=\"menu-2421-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                            <a href=\"/spice-development-agency.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">SPEDA</a>\n                            <!-- <ul>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2429-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\"><a href=\"/sda.html\"\n                                  class=\"sf-depth-2\">SPEDA</a></li>\n\n                            </ul> -->\n                          </li>\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-2413-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                            <!-- <a\n                            href=\"/development-programmes.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\">Development\n                            Programmes</a> -->\n                            <a href=\"/box5_programmes_schemes.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Development\n                              Programmes</a>\n                            <!-- <ul>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2414-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/export_oriented_prod.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">Export oriented production</a>\n                              </li>\n\n                            </ul> -->\n                          </li>\n\n\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-1021-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/INDIA_SPICE_MAP.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Spice\n                              Growing States</a></li>\n\n\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-665-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/cultivation-practices.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Cultivation Practices</a>\n\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-670-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Cardamom</a>\n                                <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                                  <li id=\"menu-670-1-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"https://www.indianspices.com/sites/default/files/plant_protection_small.pdf\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Small Cardamom</a></li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-670-1-2\" class=\"first sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"https://www.indianspices.com/sites/default/files/plant_protection_large.pdf\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Large Cardamom</a></li>\n                                </ul>\n                              </li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-666-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/cultivation_practices-nutmeg.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Nutmeg</a></li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-668-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/cultivation_practices-pepper_1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Black Pepper</a></li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-667-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/cultivation_practices-ginger.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Ginger</a></li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-669-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/cultivation_practices-TURMERIC-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Turmeric</a></li>\n\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-671-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/cultivation_practices-cinnamon.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Cinnamon</a></li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-672-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/cultivation_practices-clove.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Clove</a></li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-673-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/cultivation_practices-vanilla.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Vanilla</a></li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-674-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/cultivation_practices-Chillli-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Chilli</a></li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-675-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/cultivation_practices-Coriander-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Coriander</a></li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-676-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/cultivation_practices-CUMIN-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Cumin</a></li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-677-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/cultivation_practices-organic package of spices full.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Organic Package of Spices for North East Region\n                                  (Black Pepper,\n                                  Ginger, Turmeric &amp; Large Cardamom</a></li>\n\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-2423-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/cost-cultivation.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Cost Of Cultivation(Cardamom)</a></li>\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-718-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                            <!-- <a href=\"#\" target=\"_blank\"\n                              class=\"sf-depth-2\">Collaborative Projects with International Agencies</a> -->\n                            <a target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Collaborative Projects</a>\n\n\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-2444-1\" class=\"sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/collaborative_project_indgap.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">INDGAP</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2444-1\" class=\"sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/collaborative_project_stdf.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">STDF</a></li>\n                              <!-- <li id=\"menu-2444-1\" class=\"sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/collaborative_project_nssp.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">NSSP</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2444-1\" class=\"sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/collaborative_project_undpgs1.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">UNDP-GS1</a></li> -->\n                              <li id=\"menu-2444-1\" class=\"sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/collaborative_project_kera.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">KERA</a></li>\n\n                            </ul>\n\n                          </li>\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-718-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/spices-development/harvest-calendar.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Harvest Calendar</a>\n                          </li>\n\n                          <!-- <li id=\"menu-718-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\"><a\n                              href=\"/sites/default/files/FPO_List_2021.pdf\" class=\"sf-depth-2\">List of FPO/FPC</a></li> -->\n                          <li id=\"menu-718-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/FPOs list_ Nine States.php\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">List of FPO/FPC</a></li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-718-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/trade/empanellment_view.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Empanelled manufacturers</a></li>\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-2421-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                            <a class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">GI Authorized Users</a>\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-2422-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a href=\"https://search.ipindia.gov.in/GIRPublic/Application/Details/49\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Malabar Pepper</a>\n                              </li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2425-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a href=\"https://search.ipindia.gov.in/GIRPublic/Application/Details/72\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Alleppey Green Cardamom</a>\n                              </li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-2425-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a href=\"https://search.ipindia.gov.in/GIRPublic/Application/Details/78\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Coorg Green Cardamom</a>\n                              </li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-2425-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a href=\"https://search.ipindia.gov.in/GIRPublic/Application/Details/143\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Guntur Sannam Chilli</a>\n                              </li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-2425-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a href=\"https://search.ipindia.gov.in/GIRPublic/Application/Details/129\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Byadagi Chilli</a>\n                              </li>\n\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n\n                          <!--Removed Farmers App as per Minutes of the Website Committee Meeting_12th April 2024 -->\n                          <!-- <li id=\"menu-2421-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\">\n                            <a href=\"/externally-funded-projects.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\">Spices Board\n                              Farmer's App</a>\n                            <ul>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2422-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\">\n                                <a href=\"/sites/default/files/spicesboardapp-release6.apk\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">Download\n                                  Farmer's App (Android apk file)</a>\n                              </li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2425-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\">\n                                <a href=\"/N_895_1614676983375.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">Guidelines for\n                                  installing the app</a>\n                              </li>\n                            </ul>\n                          </li> -->\n                          <!--End-->\n\n                        </ul>\n                      </li>\n                      <li id=\"menu-642-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-1 menuparent\"><a href=\"/research_desc.html\" class=\"sf-depth-1 menuparent\">Research</a>\n                        <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                          <li id=\"menu-2445-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/indian-cardamom-research-institute-0.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Indian\n                              Cardamom Research Institute</a>\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-2444-1\" class=\"sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/facilities.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Facilities</a></li>\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-2440-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/research-highlights-0.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Research Highlights</a></li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-2421-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                            <a class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">\n                              Plant Protection Code\n                            </a>\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-2422-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a href=\"/sites/default/files/plant_protection_large.pdf\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" attributes-list=\"\" download=\"\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Plant Protection Code for Large Cardamom</a>\n                              </li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2425-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a href=\"/sites/default/files/plant_protection_small.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" attributes-list=\"\" download=\"\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Plant Protection Code for Small\n                                  Cardamom</a>\n                              </li>\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n\n                          <!-- Cardamom-start  -->\n                          <li id=\"menu-2421-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                            <a class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Cultivation Practices</a>\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-2422-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a class=\"sf-depth-3\" attributes-list=\"\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Small Cardamom</a>\n                                <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                                  <li id=\"menu-2422-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                    <a href=\"/sites/default/files/Cultivation Practices Small Cardamom Englsih.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" attributes-list=\"\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">English</a>\n                                  </li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-2422-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                    <a href=\"/sites/default/files/Cultivation Practices small cardamom Malayalam(1).pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" attributes-list=\"\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Malayalam</a>\n                                  </li>\n                                </ul>\n                              </li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2425-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" attributes-list=\"\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Large Cardamom\n                                  Cardamom</a>\n                                <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                                  <li id=\"menu-2422-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                    <a href=\"/sites/default/files/Cultivation Practices Large cardamom ENGLISH.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" attributes-list=\"\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">English</a>\n                                  </li>\n\n                                </ul>\n                              </li>\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n\n                          <!-- Cardamom-end  -->\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-2441-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/service-offered.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Services Offered</a></li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-2442-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/major-projects-0.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Major Projects</a></li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-2443-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/collaborative-projects.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Collaborative Projects</a></li>\n                          <!-- <li id=\"menu-2446-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\"><a target = \"_blank\" href=\"https://indianspices.com/PLACRO.pdf\" class=\"sf-depth-2\">Placrosym</a></li> -->\n                          <li id=\"menu-2443-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/QEL-ICRI.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">QEL ICRI</a></li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-2446-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"https://www.indianspices.com/research/slides.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">CARDAMOM\n                              SiS</a></li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-2447-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"https://cardsapp.spicesboard.org.in/\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">CardSApp</a></li>\n                        </ul>\n                      </li>\n                      <li id=\"menu-498-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-1 menuparent\"><a href=\"/quality.html\" class=\"sf-depth-1 menuparent\">Quality</a>\n                        <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                          <li id=\"menu-2388-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/quality-evaluation-laboratory.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Quality Evaluation\n                              Laboratory</a></li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-2388-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/Laboratories empanelled.pdf\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Empanelled\n                              Laboratories</a></li>\n                          <!-- <li id=\"menu-2396-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\"><a\n                              href=\"/sites/default/files/Quality Policy629.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\n                              class=\"sf-depth-2\">Quality Policy Statement</a></li> -->\n                          <li id=\"menu-2402-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/analytical-services-fees.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Analytical Services\n                              &amp; Fees</a>\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-2405-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/ChennaiQELFORMNo75_2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">QEL Chennai</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2406-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/GunturQELFORMNo75_2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">QEL Guntur</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2403-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/KochiQELFORMNo75_2023.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">QEL Kochi</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2404-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/MumbaiQELFORMNo75_2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">QEL Mumbai</a></li>\n                              <!-- <li id=\"menu-2407-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/sites/default/files/NarelaQELFORMNo75_2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\n                                  class=\"sf-depth-3\">QEL Narela</a></li> -->\n                              <li id=\"menu-2407-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/NarelaQELFORMNo75.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">QEL Narela</a></li>\n\n                              <!-- <li id=\"menu-2408-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/TuticorinQELFORMNo75_2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">QEL Tuticorin</a></li> -->\n\n                              <!-- <li id=\"menu-2408-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/sites/default/files/QEL_TUTICORIN_form75.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\n                                  class=\"sf-depth-3\">QEL Tuticorin</a></li> -->\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-2408-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/QEL_TUTICORIN_form75_REVISED.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">QEL Tuticorin</a></li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-2448-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/Kandla_form_75.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">QEL\n                                  Kandla</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2448-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/KolkataQELFORMNo75_2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">QEL Kolkata</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2448-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/jodhpur_form_75.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">QEL\n                                  Jodhpur</a></li>\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-2399-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                            <!-- <a href=\"/trade/trade-notifications/notificationdetails.html?id=390\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-2\">Mandatory Tests for Export</a> -->\n                            <a href=\"https://indianspices.org.in/ESS_V2/mapping_list.php\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Mandatory Tests for Export</a>\n                          </li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-618-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/quality/quality-standards/guidelines-quality-improvement.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Quality Standards</a>\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-620-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a href=\"https://www.bis.gov.in/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">BIS</a>\n                              </li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-621-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a href=\"https://fssai.gov.in/cms/food-safety-and-standards-regulations.php\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">FSSAI</a>\n                              </li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-622-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a href=\"https://www.dmi.gov.in/GradesStandard.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">AGMARK</a>\n                              </li>\n                              <!--  <li id=\"menu-623-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\">\n          <a href=\"https://www.astaspice.org/food-safety-technical-guidance/best-practices-and-guidance/cleanliness-specifications/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">ASTA</a>\n        </li> -->\n                              <li id=\"menu-624-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a href=\"http://www.esa-spices.org/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">ESA</a>\n                              </li>\n                              <!--  <li id=\"menu-1508-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\">\n          <a href=\"/http://ec.europa.eu/sanco_pesticides/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">EU</a>\n        </li> -->\n                              <li id=\"menu-1506-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"https://www.astaspice.org/food-safety-technical-guidance/best-practices-and-guidance/cleanliness-specifications/\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">ASTA Cleanliness Specifications</a></li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-2410-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/mrls-pesticides.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">MRLs for Pesticides</a></li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-2415-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/SPS Requirements for Spices v1.pdf\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">SPS\n                                  Requirements for Spices</a></li>\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n                          <!-- <li id=\"menu-2400-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\"><a href=\"/training-programmes.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\">Training programmes</a><ul><li id=\"menu-2453-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a href=\"/trainning-chennai.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">CHENNAI</a></li><li id=\"menu-2461-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a href=\"/trainning-delhi.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">DELHI</a></li><li id=\"menu-2454-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a href=\"/training-programmes-2018-19.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">KOCHI</a></li><li id=\"menu-2452-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a href=\"/trainning-mumbai.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">MUMBAI</a></li></ul></li> -->\n                          <li id=\"menu-1507-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                            <a href=\"/quality/quality-standards/guidelines-quality-improvement.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Guidelines for Quality Improvement</a>\n                          </li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-2398-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/E-BRO-NEWONE_29.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">e-Brochure of QELs</a></li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-2401-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"https://indianspices.org.in/app/cstfeed_old/feedback.php\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Customer Feedback Form</a></li>\n                        </ul>\n                      </li>\n                      <li id=\"menu-742-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-1 menuparent\">\n                        <a href=\"marketing_desc.html\" class=\"sf-depth-1 menuparent\">Marketing</a>\n                        <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                          <li id=\"menu-655-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Registration &amp; Licensing</a>\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-656-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"http://www.indianspices.org.in/CRES_new/e-r-o/exporters-registration/form\" target=\"_self\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Exporters Registration</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-1037-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/marketing/auctioneer.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Auctioneer</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-1038-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/marketing/dealer.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Dealer</a></li>\n                              <!-- <li id=\"menu-1036-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a href=\"http://spicesboard.in/Exporter_status/Licensing_Appl_Status.php\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">Status of Application</a></li> -->\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-655-1\" onclick=\"mkrd()\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                            <!-- <a href=\"/box5_programmes_schemes.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\">Export Development\n                              &amp; Promotion Programmes</a> -->\n\n                            <a href=\"/box5_programmes_schemes.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Marketing Programmes\n                            </a>\n\n\n                            <!-- <ul>\n                <li id=\"menu-656-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 menuparent\"><a href=\"https://indianspices.org.in/ESS_V2/scheme/scheme_login.php\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3 menuparent\">Schemes</a></li>\n                <li id=\"menu-1037-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 menuparent\"><a href=\"\" class=\"sf-depth-3 menuparent\">Working Procedure</a>\n                  <ul>\n                    <li id=\"menu-1037-1-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-4 sf-no-children\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/SCHEME WORKING PROCEDURE 2022-23 REVISED 27102022.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-4\">Revised Working Procedure, Effective from 27.10.2022</a></li>\n                    <li id=\"menu-1037-1-2\" class=\"last sf-depth-4 sf-no-children\"><a href=\"/sites/default/files/SCHEME WORKING PROCEDURE 2022-23.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-4\">Working Procedure for the Scheme (Consolidated <br>as on 24.09.2022)</a></li>\n                  </ul>\n                </li>\n                <li id=\"menu-1036-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a href=\"http://spicesboard.in/Exporter_status/Licensing_Appl_Status.php\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">Status of Application</a></li>\n              </ul> -->\n                          </li>\n                          <!-- <li id=\"menu-2411-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\">\n                <a href=\"/sites/default/files/SCHEME_WORKING_PROCEDURE_22.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-2\">Export Development &amp; Promotion Programmes</a></li> -->\n                          <li id=\"menu-670-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                            <a href=\"key_schemes.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Key Government scheme for spice\n                              exporters</a>\n                          </li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-743-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/marketing/trade/trade-classification-itc-hs-code.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Trade Information</a>\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-721-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/marketing/trade/trade-classification-itc-hs-code.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Trade\n                                  Classification (ITC HS) Code</a></li>\n                              <!-- <li id=\"menu-745-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"http://www.spicesboard.in/directory/tis/TraderSearch.php\" target=\"_blank\"\n                                  class=\"sf-depth-3\">Trader Directory</a></li> -->\n                              <li id=\"menu-745-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"http://spicesboard.in:8004/traderdirectory\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Trader Directory</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-744-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/trade/trade-enquiry.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Trade Enquiry</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-658-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"https://www.dgft.gov.in/CP/?opt=ft-policy\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Trade Policies</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-658-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"https://tradestat.commerce.gov.in/meidb/default.asp\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Trade Statistics</a></li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-1183-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a class=\"sf-depth-3 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Export</a>\n                                <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                                  <!-- <li id=\"menu-1187-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-4 sf-no-children\">\n                                    <a href=\"/sites/default/files/E102025F.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\n                                      class=\"sf-depth-4\">Monthly estimated export</a>\n                                  </li> -->\n                                   <li id=\"menu-1187-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-4 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                    <a href=\"/sites/default/files/E112025F.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-4\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Monthly estimated export</a>\n                                  </li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-1186-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-4 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/export/major-itemwise-export.html\" class=\"sf-depth-4\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Major item wise\n                                      export</a></li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-1184-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-4 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                    <!-- <a href=\"/sites/default/files/major_country_wise_export_web_f.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-4\">Major Country</a> -->\n                                    <a href=\"/sites/default/files/major country wise export web 2025.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-4\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Major Country</a>\n                                  </li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-1185-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-4 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                    <!-- <a href=\"/sites/default/files/majoritemcountrywise export 2024 web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-4\">Major item/Country</a> -->\n                                    <a href=\"/sites/default/files/majoritemcountrywise export 2025 web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-4\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Major item/Country</a>\n                                  </li>\n\n\n\n\n                                </ul>\n                              </li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-1188-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/marketing/import.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Import</a></li>\n\n                              <li id=\"menu-1189-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/magazines/english/sm-weekly.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Price</a>\n                                <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                                  <!-- <li id=\"menu-1192-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-4 menuparent\">\n      <a href=\"/international/weekly-price-international.html\" class=\"sf-depth-4 menuparent\">International</a>\n      <ul>\n    <li id=\"menu-2436-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-5 sf-no-children\">\n      <a href=\"/weekly-price-international.html\" title=\"Weekly Price\" class=\"sf-depth-5\">Weekly Price</a>\n    </li>\n    <li id=\"menu-2437-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-5 sf-no-children\">\n      <a href=\"/monthly-price-international.html\" class=\"sf-depth-5\">Monthly Price</a>\n    </li>\n  </ul>\n</li> -->\n                                  <li id=\"menu-1195-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-4 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/marketing/price/domestic/daily-price.html\" class=\"sf-depth-4 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Domestic</a>\n                                    <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                                      <li id=\"menu-1198-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-5 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/marketing/price/domestic/daily-price.html\" class=\"sf-depth-5\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Cardamom\n                                          Price</a></li>\n                                      <li id=\"menu-2438-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-5 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/weekly-price-domestic.html\" class=\"sf-depth-5\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Weekly Price</a></li>\n                                      <li id=\"menu-2439-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-5 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/monthly-price-domestic.html\" class=\"sf-depth-5\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Monthly Price</a></li>\n                                      <li id=\"menu-1534-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-5 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/marketing/price/domestic/current-market-price.html\" class=\"sf-depth-5\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Current Market Price</a></li>\n                                    </ul>\n                                  </li>\n                                </ul>\n                              </li>\n\n\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-618-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                            <a class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">International Regulation for Registration</a>\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-618-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" href=\"/trade/registration_regulations_china.html\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Registration Regulations prescribed\n                                  by\n                                  China</a>\n                              </li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-618-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">EU General System of Preferences (GSP</a>\n                                <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                                  <li id=\"menu-620-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/business/calculation-customs-duties/rules-origin/general-aspects-preferential-origin/a-guide-users-gsp-rules-origin_en\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Guide for Users on GSP Rules of Origin</a>\n                                  </li>\n                                  <li id=\"menu-621-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\" https://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/business/calculation-customs-duties/rules-origin/general-aspects-preferential-origin/arrangements-list/generalised-system-preferences/the_register_exporter_system_en\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">REX – Registered Exporter system</a>\n                                  </li>\n                                </ul>\n                              </li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-622-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                                <a class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">USA</a>\n                                <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                                  <li id=\"menu-623-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/trade/registration_regulations_USA.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Procedure for\n                                      Registration <br> of Food Facility</a>\n                                  </li>\n                                </ul>\n                              </li>\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-495-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/spices-parks/overview-spices-parks.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Spices\n                              Parks</a>\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-605-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/spices-parks/spices-park-concept-plan.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">The Concept\n                                  Plan</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-606-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/spices-parks/spices-park-locations.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Location</a></li>\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-1035-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/marketing/whole-spices.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Spices &amp; Spice Products</a>\n                          </li>\n\n\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-651-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/marketing/e-auction.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">e-Auction</a>\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-2462-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/dailyprice-auctiondetails.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Auction Details</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2466-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/live-auction-channels.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Live Auction channels</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-2466-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/auction_schedule/\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Auction Schedule</a></li>\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n                          <!-- <li id=\"menu-618-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 menuparent\">\n                            <a class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" href=\"/trade/bsm.html\">Buyer Seller Meets(BSM)</a>\n                          </li> -->\n                          <li id=\"menu-722-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/marketing/indian-market-centers.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Indian Market / Trading\n                              Centers</a>\n                          </li>\n\n                          <li id=\"menu-497-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Export\n                              Support System</a>\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-746-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/ess.html\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">\n                                  ESS</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-1105-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"https://indianspices.org.in/ESS\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">\n                                  Quarterly Export Returns Submit</a></li>\n                            </ul>\n                          </li>\n                          <li id=\"menu-654-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; 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float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/general-information/incredible_indian_spices.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Incredible\n                              Spices of India </a></li>\n\n                          <li id=\"menuE-1031-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 menuparent\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\">\n                            <a href=\"\" class=\"sf-depth-3 menuparent\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">Exhibitions</a>\n\n                            <ul class=\"sf-hidden\" style=\"left: 16.1875em; float: none; width: 16.1875em;\">\n                              <li id=\"menu-IFair764-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-4 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; float: left; width: 100%;\"><a href=\"/marketing/trade/trade-fairs.html\" class=\"sf-depth-4\" style=\"float: none; width: auto;\">International Fair\n                                  Details</a>\n                              </li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-DFair764-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-4 sf-no-children\" style=\"white-space: normal; 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width: auto;\">e-Newsletter</a></li>\n\n\n\n                          <!-- <li id=\"menu-1484-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\"><a\n                              href=\"/spices-development/spice-catalogue.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\">Spice Catalogue</a>\n                          </li> -->\n\n                          <!-- <li id=\"menu-1020-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\"><a\n                              href=\"/sites/default/files/spices%20list%20under%20purview%20of%20spices%20board.pdf\"\n                              target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-2\">List of Spices with Botanical Names</a></li> -->\n\n                          <!-- <li id=\"menu-726-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 menuparent\"><a\n                              href=\"/spices-development/properties/nutritional-values-of-spices.html\"\n                              class=\"sf-depth-2 menuparent\">Properties</a>\n                            <ul>\n                              <li id=\"menu-1485-1\" class=\"first sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/spices-development/properties/nutritional-values-of-spices.html\"\n                                  class=\"sf-depth-3\">Nutritional Values of Spices</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-733-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/spices-development/properties/calorific-value-spices.html\"\n                                  class=\"sf-depth-3\">Calorific Value of spices</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-734-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/spices-development/properties/medicinal-other-values-spices.html\"\n                                  class=\"sf-depth-3\">Medicinal &amp; other Properties of Spices</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-736-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/spices-development/properties/chemical-physical-specifications-of-spices.html\"\n                                  class=\"sf-depth-3\">Chemical and physical specification of spices</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-737-1\" class=\"middle sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/sites/default/files/phys_prop.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">Physical\n                                  Properties of Essential Oils&amp; Flavourants</a></li>\n                              <li id=\"menu-738-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-3 sf-no-children\"><a\n                                  href=\"/spices-development/properties/flavor-profile-spices.html\"\n                                  class=\"sf-depth-3\">Flavour Profile of spices</a></li>\n                            </ul>\n                          </li> -->\n\n                          <!-- <li id=\"menu-1035-1\" class=\"last sf-depth-2 sf-no-children\"><a\n                              href=\"/marketing/whole-spices.html\" class=\"sf-depth-2\">Spices &amp; 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Research Highlights</div></div>\n      \t\t\t\t\t\t    <div id=\"sidebar-first\" class=\"column sidebar\">\n                \t<div class=\"section\">\n          \t\t\t\t<div id=\"cssmenu\">  <div class=\"region region-sidebar-first\">\n    <div id=\"block-menu-block-1\" class=\"block block-menu-block\">\n\n    \n  <div class=\"content\">\n    <div class=\"menu-block-wrapper menu-block-1 menu-name-main-menu parent-mlid-0 menu-level-2\">\n  <ul class=\"menu\"><li class=\"first collapsed menu-mlid-2445 dhtml-menu collapsed start-collapsed\" id=\"dhtml_menu-2445\"><a href=\"../indian-cardamom-research-institute-0.html\">Indian Cardamom Research Institute</a><ul class=\"menu\"><li class=\"leaf dhtml-menu-cloned-leaf\"><a href=\"../indian-cardamom-research-institute-0.html\">OVERVIEW</a></li><li class=\"first last leaf dhtml-menu\" id=\"dhtml_menu-2444\"><a href=\"../facilities.html\" class=\"sf-depth-3\">Facilities</a></li>\n</ul></li>\n<li class=\"leaf active-trail active menu-mlid-2440 dhtml-menu\" id=\"dhtml_menu-2440\"><a href=\"../research-highlights-0.html\" class=\"active-trail active\">Research Highlights</a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf menu-mlid-2441 dhtml-menu\" id=\"dhtml_menu-2441\"><a href=\"../service-offered.html\">Services Offered</a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf menu-mlid-2442 dhtml-menu\" id=\"dhtml_menu-2442\"><a href=\"../major-projects-0.html\">Major Projects</a></li>\n<li class=\"leaf menu-mlid-2443 dhtml-menu\" id=\"dhtml_menu-2443\"><a href=\"../collaborative-projects.html\">Collaborative Projects</a></li>\n<li class=\"last leaf menu-mlid-2446 dhtml-menu\" id=\"dhtml_menu-2446\"><a href=\"../related-links.html\">Related Links</a></li>\n</ul></div>\n  </div>\n</div>\n  </div>\n</div>\n        \t\t\t</div>\n                </div> <!-- /.section, /#sidebar-first -->\n\t\t      \t            \t\n            \t\t      \t\t\t<div id=\"content\" class=\"column\">\n                      \t\t\t\t<div class=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t                        <div class=\"element-invisible\"><a id=\"main-content\"></a></div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t                                                <h1 class=\"title\" id=\"page-title\">Research Highlights</h1>                                                <div class=\"tabs\"></div>                                                                        \n\t\t\t\t\t\t  <div class=\"region region-content\">\n    <div id=\"block-system-main\" class=\"block block-system\">\n\n    \n  <div class=\"content\">\n    \n<div id=\"node-919\" class=\"node node-page clearfix\" about=\"/research-highlights-0\" typeof=\"foaf:Document\">\n\n  \n  \t<div class=\"lastupdate\">Last updated on 29-01-2016, 09:34</div>\n  \n  <div class=\"content\">\n    <div class=\"field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden\"><div class=\"field-items\"><div class=\"field-item even\" property=\"content:encoded\"><p><strong>Small cardamom</strong></p><p><strong>Agronomy &amp; Soil Sciences</strong></p><ul><li>&nbsp;Package of practices for various agro techniques such as nursery preparation, planting methods, nutrient management and judicious irrigation schedules were developed and transferred to the planters.</li><li>&nbsp;An economic schedule of soil cum foliar application of fertilizers for cardamom has been formulated which results in 33% saving in fertilizer costs as compared to soil application.</li><li>&nbsp;Developed remedial measure for zinc and Boron deficiency.</li><li>&nbsp;Soil Analysis &amp; Fertilizer recommendations weres routinely carried out.</li><li>&nbsp;Soil Mapping of Kerala under NHM Project was conducted. Project on ”Soil Based Plant Nutrient management Plan for Agro Ecosystem of Kerala Phase –1 to analyse samples from all panchayaths of Idukki &amp; Kottayam districts.</li><li>&nbsp;Issues of soil degradation in cardamom tract - deficiency of micro nutrients / secondary nutrients, decline of soil pH and loss of sustainability was studied</li><li>The institute has analyzed more than 1,00,000 cardamom soil samples received from planters of Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka and most judicious and balanced recommendations were given.</li><li>Integrated Nutrient Management (INM), Biofertilizers, composting, traditional organic inputs (Panchagavya, FAE, EAE etc.) leading to development of organic practices (Biodynamic farming, EM technology etc.) &amp; training was carried out.</li></ul><p style=\"margin-left:49.65pt\"><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__861 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled8.jpg\" style=\"height:154px; width:180px\"><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__862 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled9.jpg\" style=\"height:155px; width:186px\"></p><p style=\"margin-left:49.65pt\">&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-left:49.65pt\">&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-left:49.65pt\">&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-left:49.65pt\">&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-left:49.65pt\">&nbsp;</p><ul><li>Ecofriendly farm practices, organic production systems and GAP for cardamoms were systematized.</li><li>Farm Mechanization programmes for cardamom cultivation were undertaken. Evaluated various mechanical devices such as weeder, washing machine, pitmaker,as well as cardamom driers viz. Biomass gasifier model of cardamom drier, Diesel model of cardamom drier and improved cardamom drier (Kardi type)for carrying out various farm operations in cardamom plantations.</li></ul><p><strong>Crop Improvement</strong></p><ul><li>Inventorisation and collection of small cardamom germplasm were undertaken in the Western Ghats region</li><li>Collected 500 plus germplasm accessions of cardamom from different cardamom zones</li><li>Conserved the germplasm in the National Conservatory of Cardamom Germplasm at Myladumpara&amp;Saklespur</li><li>Evaluation trials were carried out to identify genetic variants of cardamom from various habitats for exploitation in crop improvement programmes</li><li>Released eight high yielding cardamom selections/varieties viz.,</li></ul><p style=\"margin-left:80px\">1. ICRI-l, ICRI-2, ICRI-5, ICRI-6, ICRI-7 (for Kerala Zone),</p><p style=\"margin-left:80px\">2. ICRI-3 &amp; ICRI-8 (for Karnataka Zone)</p><p style=\"margin-left:80px\">3. ICRI-4 (for Tamil Nadu Zone).</p><ul><li>Released selections showed high yield potential of 650 to 800 kg/ha under moderate levels of management.</li><li>Studied the breeding behaviour and pollen biology of cardamom and vanilla.</li><li>Prepared a floristic calendar of the cardamom tract.</li></ul><p style=\"margin-left:80px\">1. The bee flora comprises of 37 species including 19 trees.</p><ul><li>Evaluated turmeric varieties viz.,</li></ul><p style=\"margin-left:80px\">1. PCT-8, PCT-B, PCT-14, BSR-1 and Co-1</p><p style=\"margin-left:80px\">2. Co-1 and BSR-1 most suited to the high ranges of Kerala.</p><p><strong>Recently released varieties of small cardamom</strong></p><p><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__863 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled10.jpg\" style=\"height:216px; margin-bottom:10px; margin-top:10px; width:320px\"><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__864 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled11.jpg\" style=\"height:218px; margin:10px; width:325px\"></p><p><strong>Promising cardamom hybrids developed at RRS Saklespur</strong></p><p><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__865 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled12.jpg\" style=\"height:241px; width:322px\"><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__866 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled13.jpg\" style=\"height:242px; margin-left:10px; margin-right:10px; width:322px\"></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Biotechnology</strong></p><ul><li>Developed Micropropagation systems for</li></ul><p style=\"margin-left:80px\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">1.</span> Small cardamom,</p><p style=\"margin-left:80px\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">2.</span> Large cardamom,</p><p style=\"margin-left:80px\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">3.</span> Vanilla,</p><p style=\"margin-left:80px\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">4.</span> Black pepper,</p><p style=\"margin-left:80px\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">5.</span> Ginger,</p><p style=\"margin-left:80px\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">6.</span> Turmeric,</p><p style=\"margin-left:80px\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">7.</span> Herbal spices viz. Oregano, Mint, Sage, Thyme.</p><ul><li>Technologies scaled up for large scale production -10</li><li>No. of Biotech firms to which Protocols were transferred on a MoU for further utilization - 10.</li><li>Large cardamom &amp; Vanilla plants produced and supplied to farmers -3.5 lakhs</li><li>Training on TC techniques - extended to 110 youth from BPL families on collaboration with ‘Kudumbashree’ a Govt. of Kerala project on poverty alleviation and empowerment of rural women.</li><li>Micropropagation system developed for tree spices <em>viz-</em></li></ul><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">1.</span> Clove,</p><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">2.</span> Garcinia,</p><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">3.</span> Tamarind,</p><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">4.</span> Curry leaf.</p><ul><li>Other Tissue Culture techniques employed - cardamom, ginger &amp; vanilla.</li></ul><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">1.</span> Somatic Embryogenesis,</p><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">2.</span> Synthetic Seed technology,</p><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">3.</span> Protoplast Cultures</p><ul><li>Interspecific hybrids produced - <em>Vanilla planifolia</em>X<em>V. wightiana</em></li><li>Molecular Biology facility was established</li><li>Genetic diversity studies were carried out using molecular markers.</li><li>Variety specific molecular marker generated - Malabar specific</li><li>Virus indexing protocols standardized - Pepper &amp; cardamoms.</li><li>Completed - Cardamom Transcriptome Sequencing with analysis in progress.</li></ul><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong>TC plants of small cardamom, black pepper and large cardamom </strong></p><p><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__867 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled14.jpg\" style=\"height:227px; width:215px\"><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__868 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled15.jpg\" style=\"height:226px; width:199px\"><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__869 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled16.jpg\" style=\"height:226px; width:228px\"></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Plant Pathology Division</strong></p><ol style=\"list-style-type:lower-roman\"><li>Identified and characterised causal organisms of capsule rot, rhizome rots and nursery rots&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Developed Integrated Disease Management (IDM) strategies</li><li>Identified tolerant lines of <em>Phytophthora</em> from germplasm accessions</li><li>Recommended the biocontrol agent <em>Trichoderma</em> sp. for controlling capsule rot, rhizome and seedling rot diseases after trials</li><li>ProducedBioagents<em>viz</em>, <em>Trichoderma</em>&amp;<em> Pseudomonas</em>and suppliedto farmers</li><li>Mass multiplication protocol was developed for VAM which was found effective in improving growth and vigour and in protectingcardamom seedlings from soil borne pathogens.</li><li>Developed control for new diseases reported- Panicle blight, root rot and leaf yellowing.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .&nbsp;</li><li>ELISA as quick diagnostic tool of viral diseases – was proved in pilot trials.</li><li>Identified pathogens of vanilla and herbal spices, control methods developed.</li><li>Initiated studies on mathematical modellingfor prediction of capsule rot disease outbreak</li><li>Studied Climate change impact on disease occurrence in cardamom.</li></ol><p>&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-left:63.8pt\"><strong>Bioagent Production</strong></p><p style=\"margin-left:63.8pt\"><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__870 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled17.jpg\" style=\"height:194px; width:206px\"><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__871 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled18.jpg\" style=\"height:194px; width:142px\"></p><p style=\"margin-left:63.8pt\">&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-left:63.8pt\">&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-left:63.8pt\">&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-left:63.8pt\">&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-left:63.8pt\">&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-left:63.8pt\">&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-left:63.8pt\">&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Entomology Division</strong></p><ol style=\"list-style-type:lower-roman\"><li>Evaluated forty chemical insecticides formulations on major pests of cardamom</li><li>Recommended effective insecticides at&nbsp; minimum concentration to planters.</li><li>Brought down the number of insecticide applications to 5-7 per year from 12-14 sprays/year, thus reducing the quantity of pesticides and the application cost.</li><li>The technology of pruning of dried cardamom leaves (cultural control) during February, and application of five sprays of insecticides/year on the lower one third portion of cardamom plants that have proved effective and economical for thrips control, was demonstrated in planter's field.</li><li>Pesticide spray schedule for Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu cardamom plantations was formulated which effectively managed the major and minor foliar pests.</li><li>IPM consisting of mechanical control of beetles and chemical control of grubs have been worked out for cardamom root grub management and has been demonstrated in planters’ field.</li><li>Identified certain plant extracts having growth regulating and insecticidal property on cardamom shoot borer and hairy caterpillar.</li><li>Neem based insecticides were found to be effective on ginger borer.</li><li>An effective management strategy was evolved usingEntomopathogenic nematodes (EPN), <strong><em>Heterorhabditisindica</em></strong> for the management of&nbsp; cardamom Root knot nematode and <strong><em>Meloidogyne incognita</em></strong>(Plant parasiticNematodes-PPN)<em>.</em></li><li>An effective management strategy for whitefly was also evolved (with&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; behavioural control - trapping adult fly with yellow sticky trap and&nbsp;&nbsp; also spraying of neem oil suspension at 0.5% on the lower surface of leaves for control of nymphs) and being recommended.</li></ol><p style=\"text-align:center\"><strong>EPN cadavers &amp; application to cardamom</strong></p><p><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__872 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled19.jpg\" style=\"height:225px; margin-left:50px; margin-right:50px; width:252px\"><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__873 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled20.jpg\" style=\"height:224px; width:290px\"><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__874 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled21.jpg\" style=\"height:266px; margin:10px 50px; width:593px\"></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Large cardamom:</strong></p><ul><li>Germplasm conservatory was established and maintained at RRS ICRI&amp; Research farms at Pangthang and Kabi with 254 accessions based on high yielding lines and other specific characters.</li><li>Released two high yielding varieties: ICRI Sikkim 1 &amp; ICRI Sikkim 2 by selection (yield potential 800 kg / ha) from Sawney cultivar.</li><li>Detailed phenology of the crop was worked out</li><li>Established the economic life span of large cardamom as 15 years under intensive management.</li><li>Fertility status of large cardamom soils was evaluated.</li></ul><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">1.</span> Mean pH - 5.48,</p><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">2.</span> Organic carbon - 3.2%,</p><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">3.</span> Available Nitrogen - 29.64 (mg/100g),</p><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">4.</span> Phosphorus 1.37 (mg/100g)</p><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">5.</span> Potassium 17.87 (mg/100 g).</p><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">6.</span> The soils were found high in Nitrogen&amp; medium in Phosphorus and Potassium.</p><ul><li>Studied and identified the major pests of large cardamom <em>viz.,</em> Leaf caterpillar (<em>Artonachorista</em>), Shoot fly (<em>Merochloropsdimorphus</em>), stem borer (<em>Glyphipterix</em>sp)&nbsp; and white grub (<em>Holotrichia</em>spp) &amp;developed IPM&nbsp; strategies in management of large cardamom pests.</li><li>Identified Bumble bees (<em>Bombushaemorhoidalis</em>and<em> B. breviceps) </em>as the major&nbsp; pollinator in large cardamom.</li><li>Worked out Bio-agent utilization strategies for white grub management.</li><li>Studied and identified the major diseases of large cardamom (<em>Amomumsubulatum</em>Roxb.).</li></ul><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">1.</span> Identified Chirke and Foorkey- major viral diseases.Disease transmission, survival and management were worked out.</p><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">2.</span> Identified Blight disease(Colletotrichumgloeosporioides)– major fungal disease.</p><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">3.</span> Two other two fungal diseases, leaf streak and Phoma leaf spot were identified</p><ul><li>Problems due to abiotic factors such as elongation of spike, late maturity etc were studied.</li><li>Collected 64 disease escapes lines and identified three accessions (SCC 12, 22 &amp; 179) as moderately tolerant to blight and are under field evaluation.</li><li>Native bio control agents were identified, mass multiplied and supplied to farmers based on the demand for disease management under organic system of cultivation in Sikkim and Darjeeling district of West Bengal.&nbsp;</li><li>Established facility for production and distribution of bio control agentsat ICRI, RRS, Tadong.</li></ul><p style=\"margin-left: 80px;\"><span style=\"font-size:16px\">1</span>. A fermenter with a capacity of 80 litres was commissioned at the ICRI Research farm Pangthang for mass multiplication of biocontrol agents.</p><ul><li>Scientifically improved large cardamom bhatti system was developed by the ICRI, RRS Tadong popularized by Spices Board (Dev) in Gangtok and Darjeeling Region through subsidized schemes.</li><li>Quality improvement techniques were standardized through improved curing technology and polishing and gradation of cured capsules.</li></ul><p style=\"margin-left:.5in\">&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-left:.5in\">&nbsp;</p><p style=\"margin-left:0.5in; text-align:center\"><strong>Hybridization studies on large cardamom</strong></p><p style=\"margin-left:.5in\"><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__875 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled22.jpg\" style=\"height:310px; margin-left:125px; margin-right:125px; width:410px\"></p><p style=\"margin-left:0.5in; text-align:center\"><strong>Large cardamom capsules cured using ICRI Improved Bhatti (left)</strong></p><p style=\"margin-left:.5in\"><img alt=\"\" class=\"attr__format__media_original attr__typeof__foaf:Image img__fid__876 img__view_mode__media_original media-image\" src=\"../sites/default/files/Untitled23.jpg\" style=\"height:308px; 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